What to know before laparoscopic gallbladder removal
A plain account of the steps of the operation, the expected recovery time, and the questions to ask your surgeon.
Medical articles for patients and medical students
Plain explanations of common surgical conditions, and answers to the questions patients ask at the clinic.
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Early detection of breast tumours: what every woman should know
The signs that call for a visit to the doctor, and the part self-examination and regular imaging play in catching tumours early.
Read the article →Thyroid nodules: when is surgery the answer?
Not every nodule needs an operation. The assessment criteria and the treatment options, discussed.
Colon tumours: from the first symptoms to the surgical decision
The symptoms not to ignore, why diagnostic endoscopy matters, and how to prepare for surgery.
Inguinal hernia: when is surgery necessary?
Not every hernia needs immediate treatment. The warning signs, and how the timing and type of surgery are chosen.
Learning a systematic clinical examination of the abdomen
Notes from the teaching rooms for medical students on the order of the examination, the common mistakes, and how to document the findings.
Recovery after laparoscopic surgery: what to expect in the first week
Normal and abnormal pain, when to go back to work, and the signs that mean you should call the doctor.
Lymph node dissection: when it is needed and what to expect
A plain explanation of the role lymph nodes play in cancer surgery, when dissection is part of the plan, and what follow-up looks like.
Biopsy: what is the difference between needle and surgical biopsy?
Understanding biopsy types helps you read a pathology report and discuss the next step with confidence.
Parotid tumours: why surgeons focus on the facial nerve
The parotid gland sits around the facial nerve, so surgery balances tumour removal with nerve preservation.
Second opinion in oncology: how to benefit without confusion
A second opinion is not a rejection of the first doctor; it is a structured way to clarify diagnosis and options before major decisions.
Preoperative preparation: which tests are needed and why?
Good preparation reduces complications and makes surgery day safer. A plain guide to what your surgeon may request.